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Irene Zisblatt, born Irene Zegelstein in 1929, is a Hungarian-born American Holocaust survivor.〔Zisblatt, Irene. ''The Fifth Diamond'', 2008〕 She was an inmate in the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp. She is most well known for her autobiography ''The Fifth Diamond''. Her testimony is also a part of Steven Spielberg's USC Survivors of the Shoah Visual History Foundation. ==Biography== Irene Zegelstein was born on 28 December 1929, in the resort town of Polena, Hungary, in what is now Bulgaria, in a house with no electricity. Her father was a business owner, and her mother was a housewife. Around 1939, at the age of nine, she was expelled from school, since Jewish people were forbidden to leave their houses after six in the evening or before eight in the morning. On March 19, 1944, she and her family were sent to the Miskolc ghetto, which, according to Zisblatt, consisted of " a couple of streets around a brick factory." All houses were already full, so her family had to "built a little tent from our tablecloths and sheets, whatever we had in our suitcases, and we lived under that." Two months later, she and her family were betrayed into thinking that they were being sent to work in a vineyard in Birkenau, Germany. Instead, they were sent on a train to the Auschwitz concentration camp. She was immediately separated from her family and she was the only one of her 40 family members to survive the gas chambers. Everyone older than 45 or younger than 15 was sent immediately to the gas chambers. Her entire family was gassed up in Gas Chamber No. 2, including her parents. Before leaving, her mother gave her four diamonds to purchase bread. However, not wanting to accept the soldiers' request to put valuables inside bags, Zisblatt swallowed the diamonds. She later stated that she then recovered the diamonds from her feces. With the help of another prisoner, she was able to escape Auschwitz by getting on a train traveling across tracks running near the No. 3 gas chamber. The train took her to the Neuengamme concentration camp in Germany where shortly after she was forced to go on a "death march" as the war wound down. After marching for days upon days in hellacious conditions, Zisblatt and her friend escaped during a dark night as they stood between two forests. The next day, they were found by American soldiers. Her friend later died from disease the following day. She was adopted to an American family two years later. Zisblatt was one of five Hungarian Holocaust survivors whose story was featured in the 1999 Academy Award winning documentary movie, ''The Last Days''.〔Holden, Stephen. (The Last Days (1998) FILM REVIEW; In Hungary, the Final Days of the 'Final Solution' ) "The New York Times", February 5, 1999〕 The documentary follows Zisblatt as she and her daughter travel back to sites of memory, including Zisblatt's childhood town, which she had not seen since her deportation in 1944. Zisblatt also visited the ghetto she was formerly placed in, before she was deported to Auschwitz. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Irene Zisblatt」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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